Methods of indirect, simulation-based inference for nested and nonnested hypotheses are developed. The methods make use of instrumental models and are applicable in cases where likelihood-based inference is numerically unfeasible. The asymptotic normality of an indirect Wald vector is shown and...

In this note we propose a general testing procedure for parametric models based on Bartlett Identities. A well-know example is the Information Matrix test, which is based on the Bartlett Identity of order 1. The Identities are shown to induce a sequence of testable restrictions on the data...

Two extensions of a parametric model are proposed, each one involving the score function of an alternative parametric model. We show that the encompassing hypothesis is equivalent to standard conditions on the score of each of the extended models. The condition on the first extension gives rise...

Two extensions of a model in the presence of an alternative model are proposed. The extensions are based on the score function of the alternative model. It is shown that the encompassing hypothesis is equivalent to standard conditions on the score of each of the extended models. The condition on...