differentiation and component innovation. We show that, as the complexity of the product spaces increases, stronger patent regimes … yield lower rates of innovation, lower product quality and lower consumers' welfare. -- Patents ; appropriability of … innovation ; complex product industries ; industrial dynamics …

an innovation rewarding institution. According to our analysis, pharma patents have constituted legal barriers to protect … witnessed by the fact that patent applications are very skewed in the covered trade names and patent thickness expands over time … pharmaceutical firms, between patent portfolio and profit margins. …

across bodies of innovative knowledge, proxied by the patent classes where the firm is present. Putting it more emphatically …

across bodies of innovative knowledge, proxied by the patent classes where the firm is present. Putting it more emphatically …

across bodies of innovative knowledge, proxied by the patent classes where the firm is present. Putting it more emphatically …

in industries where technological and organizational innovation is important. Indeed a large literature has grown up on … ways they evolve over time. Another domain concerns the nature of competition in such industries, wherein innovation and … briefly flag some fundamental aspects of economic growth and development as an innovation-driven evolutionary process. …

and direction of innovation, but at the same time confined to the role of payer of first and last resort, with dire … consequences for both advanced, and more so, developing countries. Fourth, on normative grounds, measures like ad hoc patent …