and costs arising in the light of the imposition of ex ante regulations of attempting to regulate a market sector, before … a market failure has even occurred. It diverges from the norm of regulating ex-post, i.e. addressing market failures as … discussion on the true objectives of the Digital Services Act. It is unclear which market failures it is envisaged to address …

Open RAN in itself reduces the total costs of deploying a 5G network. Economic evidence shows that the equipment market is … a buyers' market due to a higher concentration amongst operators. The number of vendors is less critical for prices than … the relative power between buyers and sellers. The network equipment market is the only ICT segment where the EU …

Immobilienbesitzes als Vermögenskomponente in den letzten Jahren zugenommen. Pro Euro Vermögenszuwachs werden ungefähr 2 Cent für …The economic performance in the euro area and in particular in Germany has been rather weak over the recent past … risen over the last years. In the aggregate, a wealth increase of 1 euro is expected to trigger private consumption by about …

the impacts of liquidity and interest shocks on real share and house prices. VAR models for the US, the euro area, Japan … the US, it has negative effects on output especially in the UK and the euro area. Therefore, a leaning against the wind …