designed. At the time, the main concern of the Governing Council was to anchor inflation at low levels in face of the … low-inflation environment has created the concrete risk of de-anchoring of longer-term inflation expectations. Addressing … low inflation is different from addressing high inflation. The ability of the ECB (and central banks globally) to provide …

Inflation targeting is implemented in different ways - most often by adopting point targets, by having tolerance bands … target types affect the anchoring of inflation expectations at shorter horizons differently. It tests two contradictory …. This suggests that there are some benefits to adopting intervals, but the central bank can anchor inflation expectations …

Inflation targeting is implemented in different ways – most often by adopting point targets, by having tolerance bands … target types affect the anchoring of inflation expectations at shorter horizons differently. It tests two contradictory …. This suggests that there are some benefits to adopting intervals, but the central bank can anchor inflation expectations …

announcing a quantified inflation objective, other forms of communication, or by publishing central banks’ inflation and output … (economic) transparency, and given our findings that disagreement among inflation expectations in the general public is not … ; disagreement ; survey expectations ; monetary policy ; inflation targeting ; central bank communication ; forecasting …

Aggregate shocks that move output and inflation in opposite directions create a tradeoff between output and inflation … variability outcomes, revealing national central banker's relative weight on output and inflation variability in their preferences …. We use estimates of the structure of 23 industrialized and developing economies, including nine that target inflation …