We examine how the COVID-19 pandemic has impacted merchandise trade between and within Commonwealth countries. It uses bilateral trade data and a demand-driven short-term gravity model to (i) estimate trade losses, i.e. variations in intra- and extra-Commonwealth trade in goods from the...

International trade moved from "trade in goods" to "trade in tasks" and effective protection rates (EPRs) are back to the analytical stage. They measure the overall protection that sectoral value-added is receiving from applied tariffs. The paper calculates sectorial EPRs for 10 Asian-Pacific...

With international trade moving from "trade in (final) goods" to "trade in tasks", effective protection rates (EPRs) are back to the stage. Input-output matrices are used in this paper to monitor the production structure of 10 Asian-Pacific countries between 1995 and 2005, and to calculate...

Globalization implies not only an expansion of international markets, but also an increasing vertical integration of industrial production processes. Intermediate products are increasingly offshored within these global value chains, giving place to what is known as quot;trade in tasksquot;. When...

The paper adopts a Global Value Chain (GVC) perspective to estimate the intensity of impact of COVID-19 across sectors for all Commonwealth countries. The intensity of the impact was driven by a combination of supply and demand shocks transmitted across different sectors of the economy. Some...

Understanding your market and the value creation though your supply chain is a relatively young discipline. Thanks to new statistical indicators, it is now possible to conduct sectoral market analysis in value-added. This paper is an application to Mexico and the NAFTA. The objective of this...

All disruptive new technologies caused changes in trade and business models: from the village market, where the producer sold directly to the consumer, to mass centralised production in the late 19th century, to the fragmented global supply chains of today. Exports processing zones benefited...

Global value chains (GVCs) change many of the stylised facts on which trade or economic development models were based: something original and new is happening in the international economy, with profound economic and social implications at home. The financial crisis of 2008-2009 and the resulting...

Global Value Chains offer new export diversification opportunities to small developing countries. But joining an international supply chain and up-grading may require different sets of policies. Moreover, objectives that are desirable from the policy-maker perspective may not be attractive for...