firms competing for consumer attention and advertiser dollars. The last two decades of online platform competition … model innovations, and cross-platform rivalry. The palpable threat of displacement prevents online platforms from taking … their customers for granted. The history of online platform competition also provides empirical refutation of the …

platform governance regimes — this paper considers important aspects of analyzing vertical restraints in the digital world. It … then considers several applications involving platform rules, exclusive contracts, and MFNs for digital intermediaries …

based on the platform's organization – few consider the scope and scale of platform-enabled value creation. We consider all … of the platform-enabled value creation activities including old work displaced or reorganized to new work created. We …