A vast amount of research has documented the existence of earnings management in for-profit settings. Nonprofit organizations are thought to pay less attention to the bottom line of the income statement. Earnings management research in nonprofit settings has therefore focused on the manipulation...

Nonprofit organizations often rely on governmental grants to finance their social programs. Under certain circumstances, the procurement of these grants causes an agency-relation between the board of directors and the management of the organization. Using archival data from a substantial number...

In this paper we set up a two-stage theoretical model of consumers’ demand and municipalities’ pricing policy for residual municipal solid waste collection and processing. Local policy makers set the local residual municipal solid waste price in order to maximize welfare in the municipality...

Local policy makers in Flanders often claim that an important fraction of waste presented at their municipal recycling centres originates from nearby municipalities. If neighbouring municipalities charge significantly different prices at their recycling centres, residents indeed have an...

This paper presents an Integer Programming (IP) model for solving an online energy supply game. Instead of a traditional approach in which students are given a problem statement and asked to develop an IP model, both the problem and data are hidden in the game. Next to developing IP modeling...

Not-for-profit organizations worldwide are confronted with an increasing demand for accountability and improved financial transparency. Financial reporting by not-for-profit organizations is no longer an exception, it has become a rule. The usefulness of a financial report to an organizations...

In this paper we analyze the allocation of allowances to Belgian industry during the first phase of EU ETS. Overall, Belgian industry was allocated long during phase 1 but there are marked differences between the regions. Allocations in Flanders were on average less generous than in the other...

The purpose of this paper is to illustrate the use of statistical techniques to evaluate the effectiveness of voluntary policy instruments for waste management. The voluntary character of these instruments implies that latent characteristics, unobserved by the analyst, might influence the...

In this paper we analyze the negotiation strategy of the European Union regarding the formation of an international climate agreement for the post-2012 era. We use game theoretical stability concepts to explore incentives for key players in the climate policy game to join future climate...

The literature suggests that Russia and Ukraine may become large sellers of greenhouse gas emissions permits under the Kyoto Protocol and might exploit their market power to maximize trading profits. The EU countries taken together will probably be net buyers of permits. For any given global...