the pandemic, but surprisingly little is known on whether these shutdowns turned into permanent closures and whether small … this trend in the third quarter of 2020. The increase in closures rates in the first two quarters of the pandemic was …

Many small businesses closed in the pandemic, but were economic losses disproportionately felt by businesses owned by …. Pandemic-induced losses to business earnings in 2020 were 16-19 percent for all business owners. Racial inequality increased in … the pandemic: Black business owners experienced larger negative impacts on business earnings of 12-14 percent relative to …

Many small businesses closed in the pandemic, but were economic losses disproportionately felt by businesses owned by …. Pandemic-induced losses to business earnings in 2020 were 16-19 percent for all business owners. Racial inequality increased in … the pandemic: Black business owners experienced larger negative impacts on business earnings of 12-14 percent relative to …

This paper examines how the pandemic impacted the enrollment patterns, fields of study, and academic outcomes of … precipitously during the pandemic - the total number of enrolled students fell by 11 percent from fall 2019 to fall 2020 and by … prior to the pandemic protected colleges from these negative effects. Enrollment changes were substantial across a wide …