In the growth literature, there is a nonlinear relationship between economic growth and government size, which is similar to an inverted U-shaped curve. This curve can be used to determine the optimum share of government expenditures. This paper, using threshold panel approach, attempts to...

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the impact of government consumption expenditure as a share of GDP on economic growth in developing countries. The paper uses threshold panel model to examine nonlinear relationship between the government consumption expenditure share and economic...

In the growth literature, there is a nonlinear relationship between economic growth and government size, which is similar to an inverted U-shaped curve. This curve can be used to determine the optimum share of government expenditures. This paper, using threshold panel approach, attempts to...

Sanctions have severe adverse effects on societies. Even though sanctions are used against governments, the population is punished for its government's behavior. Sanctions can create problems due to international migration. Iran is an unique case study because it faced the most and hardest...

Purpose: This study aims to examine the factors that form the commitment Design/methodology/approach: The sampling technique used is proportionate stratified random sampling, with 100 respondents and the data collection happens in 2018. Methods of data analysis in this study uses multiple linear...

Environmental issues have attracted renewed interest and more attention during recent years due to climatic problems associated with the increased levels of pollution and the deterioration of the environmental quality as a result of increased human activity. This paper investigates the causal...

The examination of economic aspects of gas emissions and its consequences is very important, especially in terms of its volume at the current increasing trend. Therefore, the prediction of air pollution emissions of carbon dioxide can give the correct direction to policies adopted. Hence,...