Several novel large volatility matrix estimation methods have been developed based on the high-frequency financial data. They often employ the approximate factor model that leads to a low-rank plus sparse structure for the integrated volatility matrix and facilitates estimation of large...

Various parametric models have been developed to predict large volatility matrices, based on the approximate factor model structure. They mainly focus on the dynamics of the factor volatility with some finite high-order moment assumptions. However, the empirical studies have shown that the...

This article provides a selective overview of the recent developments in factor models and their applications in econometric learning. We focus on the perspective of the low-rank structure of factor models and particularly draw attention to estimating the model from the low-rank recovery point...