Few integrated analysis models examine significant U.S. transportation greenhouse gas emission reductions within an integratedenergysystem.Ouranalysis, usingabottom-upMARKet ALocation (MARKAL) model, found that stringent systemwide CO2 reduction targets will be required to achieve significant...

Executive Order S-1-07, the Low Carbon Fuel Standard (LCFS) (January 18, 2007), calls for a reduction of at least 10 percent in the carbon intensity of California’s transportation fuels by 2020. It instructed the Secretary of the California Environmental Protection Agency to coordinate...

The Low Carbon Fuel Standard (LCFS) can play a major role in reducing greenhouse gas emissions and stimulating improvements in transportation fuel technologies so that California can meet its climate policy goals. In Part 1 of this study we evaluated the technical feasibility of achieving a 10...