quantification based on countries' observed degrees of openness, tariff revenues, and on the gravity elasticities of tariffs and …

quantification based on countries observed degrees of openness, tariff revenues, and on the gravity elasticities of tariffs and …

quantification based on countries' observed degrees of openness, tariff revenues, and on the gravity elasticities of tariffs and …

This paper characterizes analytically the optimal tariff of a large one-sector economy with monopolistic competition …-Clare (JIE, 2009) and the homogeneous firms framework of Gros (JIE, 1987). The optimal tariff internalizes a markup distortion …-cooperative tariff policies. These results suggest that post WWII trends have increased the relative merits of the WTO. -- optimal …

Modern regional trade agreements focus on promoting bilateral exchange mostly by lowering non-tariff barriers to trade … the literature are upward biased because of measurement error in a crucial control variable: tariff rates. Using a novel … data set of high-quality tariff information, the paper shows that, on average, non-tariff barriers reductions in deep …