and Public Policy -- provides a critical review of the economic literature on equality and inequality of opportunity. A … principle are presented, and the tensions between them are discussed. Different approaches to the measurement of inequality of …

Despite a recent surge in the number of studies attempting to measure inequality of opportunity in various countries …-ante measures of inequality of economic opportunity (IEO) across 41 countries, and of the Human Opportunity Index (HOI) for 39 … countries. It also examines international correlations between these indices and output per capita, income inequality, and …

Income differences arise from many sources. While some kinds of inequality, caused by effort differences, might be … Surveys, to revisit the question of whether inequality is associated with economic growth and, in particular, to examine … whether inequality of opportunity -- driven by circumstances at birth -- has a negative effect on subsequent growth. The …

least three different perspectives. A macroeconomic approach that relies on cross-country data on poverty, inequality, and … approach, in particular, builds on the observation that growth, changes in poverty, and changes in inequality are simply …

functionals of two income distributions (such as inequality or poverty measures) into shares due to differences in the structure … those of the United States and Mexico, and find that most of Brazil's excess income inequality is due to underlying …

liberalization appears to have made a significant contribution towards a reduction in wage inequality. These effects have not …

The measurement of inequality of opportunity has hitherto not been attempted in a number of countries because of data … inequality is computed as a lower bound estimator of inequality of opportunity. Parametric and non-parametric estimates are … the sample of ever-married women aged 30-49 in Turkey, inequality of opportunity accounts for at least 26 percent (31 …

for measured inequality overall, and negligible for the incidence of poverty (relative to"high"poverty lines). But the net …

suggests that even an efficient privatization designed to be egalitarian may lead to increases in inequality (and possibly … the public sector may also contribute to an increase in inequality. So can labor market reforms that lead to a …

Measured by the Gini coefficient, income inequality in Brazil rose from 0.57 in 1981 to 0.63 in 1989, before falling … back to 0.56 in 2004. This latest figure would lower Brazil's world inequality rank from 2nd (in 1989) to 10th (in 2004 … the determinants of Brazil's distributional reversal over this period. The rise in inequality in the 1980s appears to have …