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We model demand for di¤erent classes of antibiotics used for respiratory infections in outpatient care using a linear approximate almost ideal demand system approach. We compute elasticities to socioeconomic determinants of consumption and own- and cross- price elasticities between di¤erent...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10008852198
Outpatient antibiotic consumption widely vary across Europe. The investigation of what lies behind such variation may help to identify sources of inefficiency. Comparable data on antibiotic use in 21 European countries between 1997 and 2005 are provided by the European Surveillance of...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10008853134
This paper investigates socioeconomic determinants of outpatient antibiotic consumption in Europe. Comparable data on antibiotic use measured in the defined daily doses per 1000 inhabitants (DID) are currently provided by the ESAC project. Results from applied econometric estimations for panel...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005030049
We model demand for different classes of antibiotics used for respiratory infections in outpatient care using a linear approximate almost ideal demand system approach. We compute elasticities to socioeconomic determinants of consumption and own- and cross- price elasticities between different...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005113162
The promotion of US energy efficiency policy is seen as a very important activity. Generally, the level of energy … efficiency of a country or state is approximated by energy intensity, commonly calculated as the ratio of energy use to GDP …. However, energy intensity is not an accurate proxy for energy efficiency given that changes in energy intensity are a function …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011212471
This paper estimates a US ‘frontier’ residential aggregate energy demand function using panel data for 48 ‘states’ over … the period 1995 to 2006 using stochastic frontier analysis (SFA). Utilizing an econometric energy demand model, the (in …) efficiency of each state is modelled and it is argued that this represents a measure of the inefficient use of residential energy …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10008740504
Switzerland from a household survey by constructing an index of the stock of household appliances as well as by using energy … the impact of appliances on residential electricity demand. Furthermore, we also use energy services to estimate the … also find that estimates of the electricity demand when we substitute the usual residential characteristics with energy …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010796240
This paper presents an empirical analysis on residential demand for electricity. This analysis has been performed using aggregate panel data at the province level for 47 Spanish provinces for the period from 2000 to 2008. For this purpose, we estimated a log–log demand equation for electricity...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011039546
This paper presents an empirical analysis of residential electricity demand considering the existence of spatial effects. This analysis has been performed using aggregate panel data at the province level for 46 Spanish provinces for the period from 2001 to 2010. For this purpose, we estimated a...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011039594
This paper presents an empirical analysis on the residential demand for electricity. This analysis has been performed using aggregate panel data at the province level for 47 Spanish provinces for the period from 2000 to 2008. For this purpose, we estimated a log-log demand equation for...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10009650258