"This paper studies empirically the relationship between trade policy and individual income risk faced by workers, and … three steps. First, longitudinal data on workers are used to estimate time-varying individual income risk parameters in … various manufacturing sectors. Second, the estimated income risk parameters and data on trade barriers are used to analyze the …

Lower intergenerational income mobility for blacks is a likely cause behind the persistent interracial gap in economic … status in the United States. However, few studies have analyzed black-white differences in intergenerational income mobility … traditional transition probability of movement across income quantiles. We then introduce a new measure of upward mobility which …