distinguish between domestic and foreign sourcing, as well as between outsourcing and vertical integration. A firm's choice is … model. -- productivity ; outsourcing ; intra-firm trade ; foreign direct investment ; incomplete contracts ; firm-level data …

reduce the relative prevalence of FDI or foreign outsourcing. The impact on the composition of offshoring depends on whether … supplier locations, and then study the effects of changes in the quality of contractual institutions on the relative prevalence … of these organizational forms. Better contracting institutions in the South raise the prevalence of offshoring, but may …