As with all new ideas, the concept of Open Innovation requires extensive empirical investigation, testing and development. This paper analyzes Procter and Gamble's 'Connect and Develop' strategy as a case study of the major organizational and technological changes associated with open...

Many businesses organise activities as projects when they need to coordinate loose networks of individuals and firms in order to complete specific, discrete tasks. Some use research and development (R&D) and technical support functions for problem-solving on projects. Yet firms working in this...

In industrial sectors such as consulting, advertising, film-making, software, architecture, engineering and construction, most individual businesses are project-based firms in other words, their activities tend to be organized through the delivery of projects aimed at meeting the highly...