We integrate bank and bond financing into a two-sector neoclassical growth model to examine the stabilization effect of … endogenous bank leverage adjustment. We show that although bank leverage amplifies shocks, the increase of leverage to a decline … in bank equity is an automatic stabilizer in downturns, since it partially offsets the decline of bank lending to …

The financial crisis that began in 2007 in the United States swept the world, producing substantial bank failures and …