This paper uses R/S analysis and fractional integration techniques to examine the persistence of two sets of 12 ESG and conventional stock price indices from the MSCI database over the period 2007-2020 for a large number of both developed and emerging markets. Both sets of results imply that...

This paper analyses the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on the degree of persistence of European stock markets. Specifically, it uses fractional integration methods to estimate persistence at the daily, weekly and monthly frequencies in the case of ten major European stock market indices; the...

This paper proposes a long-memory model including multiple cycles in addition to the long-run component. Specifically, instead of a single pole or singularity in the spectrum, it allows for multiple poles and thus different cycles with different degrees of persistence. It also incorporates...

This study examines the stochastic properties of German green and brown stock prices; more specifically, fractional integration methods are applied to daily data on representative green and brown stock indices for the Berlin, Dusseldorf, Frankfurt, Gettex, Munich, and Stuttgart stock exchanges...