This paper develops a foreign expansion index (FEI) of the firm which integrates various dimensions of commitment to internationalization, i.e. exports, foreign penetration operations and FDI. This study focuses on Italy, constructing FEIs for each of some 4,000 firms for three periods...

<!--Début du contenu @xml:lang="en"-->?Supplier firms selling intermediate inputs/goods to other producers operate and even proliferate in both developed and developing countries, especially after the considerable decline in vertical integration occurred within most industries in the last decades. In the past, most of the studies...