comprehensive administrative data to quantify the social costs of the UI program in Brazil. We first show that exogenous extensions … variation in the relative size of the formal sector across different regions and over time in Brazil, we then show that the … have relatively low levels of disposable income, suggesting that the insurance value of longer benefits in Brazil may be …

youth-targeted ALMP that has been adopted at a large scale since 2000 in Brazil. The program concedes payroll subsidies to … of formally employed workers in Brazil, including apprentices. Our identification strategy exploits a discontinuity by …