We examine the predilection for private bonds over bank financing (debt structure) for emerging markets within the frameworks of both transaction cost economics and a transparency explanation, emphasizing the distinction between public monitoring (bonds) and private monitoring (banks), as well...

We examine the impact on firm cash holdings of uncertainty of uncertainty, measured as the ex post volatility of economic policy uncertainty. Using the news-based index developed by Baker, Bloom, and Davis (2016) for twenty-two countries, we find that, when there is greater volatility of...

Liquidity flow between regions with different levels of temporary financial constraints has received insufficient attention. This study takes advantage of a natural opportunity: Chinese capital markets clearly distinguish between foreign direct investment firms and firms with foreign...