The paper analyzes the importance of credible institutions in the process of trade liberalization. It combines aspects … costs, a dynamic link between periods arises that creates constituencies for a non-discretionary trade policy regime. The …

goods at EU borders and whether such a tax would be compatible with WTO rules. The major findings are: 1. A CO2 border tax … or import tariff would increase global welfare; 2. Such a carbon import tariff can be made to be compatible with WTO … rules; 3. There are no insurmountable practical obstacles to introducing such a tariff; 4. The equity concerns of the UNFCCC …

This paper assesses the economic implications of the United Kingdom leaving the European Union. The basic data on trade … in goods and services and investment between the two parties suggest that cost of ‘Brexit’ could be substantial. Trade … between the UK and the EU27 is large and of a similar order of magnitude as transatlantic trade (between the EU and the US …