The increasing complexity of consulting, research and development, and information technology projects has resulted in close collaboration between clients and vendors, who co-create value through co-design and co-production. In such co-creation environments, the output is contingent on the...

Selling conspicuous products online is challenging for both brands (brands) and third- party e-commerce platforms (platforms). For brands, the trade-off between offering online discount and maintaining high-end brand image gives no easy answer, which leads to wide application of Minimum...

Problem Definition: Healthcare expenditures are increasing worldwide, and spending on pharmaceutical drugs is a major contributor to this trend. Many countries are responding by implementing external reference pricing (ERP) to contain drug prices, which is a commonly used policy by countries...