This chapter concentrates on institutional differences in France and Germany. The stability of the German institutional setting contrasts with the series of institutional reforms that have stretched over decades or even half a century in France. While in Germany transformation has taken the form...

Germany and France offer two different models of political and administrative organisation: a federal state on one side of the Rhine and a unitary state on the other, albeit one that has become more decentralised over the last 40 years. Thus, the French régions have reduced capacities for...

In both countries, France and Germany, there is great pressure to change and adapt towards new forms of urbanity and to conceive new strategic approaches with limited public finance and a need for economic efficiency. Not all types of urban areas are equally affected by these issues. The book...

La France et l’Allemagne sont toutes deux confrontées à une forte pression pour évoluer et s’adapter à de nouvelles formes d’urbanité et pour concevoir d’autres approches stratégiques dans un contexte de finances publiques limitées et de nécessité de performance économique. Ces...