Education is one of the great challenges of development. This paper outlines the likely effects of the AIDS pandemic in Africa on the continent's ability to produce education and use it effectively for growth and poverty reduction. Four channels are explored. First, a supply effect: the deaths...

Education is among the most prominent of the great challenges of development. This paper outlines thelikely effects of the AIDS pandemic in Africa on the continent's ability to produce education and use iteffectively for growth and poverty reduction. Four channels are explored. First, a supply...

Levels and changes in the value of exports and imports divided by aggregate GDP (the trade/GDP ratio) are occasionally used as measures of trade openness. The oft-quoted work of Dollar and Kraay (2001) and the World Bank (2002) uses changes in the trade/GDP as a basis for classifying countries...