motivations to invent, and the actual use and economic value of the patents. …

We analyze the impact of the probabilistic nature of patents on the functioning of Germany’s bifurcated patent … indicate that 12% of infringement cases in which the patent’s validity is challenged produce such ‘invalid but infringed …’ decisions. We also show that having to challenge a patent’s validity in separate court proceedings means that more resource …

British biotechnology companies we have identified all patents filed at the European Patent Office (EPO). Applying hazard rate … attention to patent quality, financing those ventures faster which later turn out to have high-quality patents. Patent …This paper investigates how patent applications and grants held by new ventures improve their ability to attract …

which German patent renewal fees were paid to full-term expiration in 1995. A search of subsequent U.S. and German patents … yielded a count of citations to those patents. Patents renewed to full term were significantly more valuable than patents … allowed to expire before their full term. The higher an invention's economic value estimate was, the more the relevant patent …