channel. Using quarterly data on short to medium term real GDP growth and cross-border bank lending flows from G-10 countries … foreign bank credit supply and economic growth are compounded in countries with more corruption and less competitive banking …

development, economic growth, income inequality, and poverty) and micro levels (efficiency of traditional commercial banks). We … observe a significant impact on most of the fronts. MFIs’ participation increases overall savings (total bank deposits) and … inequality and poverty. Additionally, their active presence helps to discipline the traditional commercial banks by subjecting …

-wide institutional quality (corruption) on various bank activities: (i) the ratio of nonperforming loans to total loans; (ii) the capital … quality can increase the risk of bank defaults when bank managers in corrupt nations view the probability of apprehension as … interest rate spreads. While membership in the European Union has a stabilizing effect, however, the central-bank autonomy does …

institutional and financial development. In this paper, using a panel of Chinese provinces during the period 1993-2006, we … variables play an important role in affecting banking efficiencies, and that banks tend to operate more efficiently in those …