In order to avoid over-regulation, some countries have experimented with what might be called threat-based regulation …. The idea is - similarly to the contestable market model - that actual regulation may not be necessary as long as the … threat of regulation is credible. In that case, so the idea, even monopolies will abstain from setting monopolistic prices in …

. -- Gasoline Prices ; Fuel Prices ; Experimental Gasoline Market ; Fuel Price Regulation ; Retail Price Regulation ; Gas Stations …

shows that these problems do not automatically imply that sector specific regulation is warranted. The same hold for the … specific regulation of mobile telephone markets. The social welfare loss that would arise from such regulations are estimated …