This paper analyses the benefits of further market integration of European wholesale electricity markets. Major gains from trade are sill left unrealized due to (1) uncomplete market coupling of national wholesale markets, (2) isolated national regulation of capacity and reserve mechanisms (CRM)...

Kaum eine ordnungspolitische oder regulatorische Frage hat in der deutschen Telekommunikationsbranche wohl in den letzten Jahren für so viel Aufruhr gesorgt, wie die Einführung des neuen §9a in das Telekommunikationsgesetz (TKG). Die neue Vorschrift sieht vor, dass die Bundesnetzagentur...

The German Federal Constitutional Court (Bundesverfassungsgericht) submitted an order for referral to the European Court of Justice (CJEU) in 2014, asking it to clarify the compatibility of the "Outright Monetary Transactions" (OMT)-Programme with European Union law. The OMT-Programme prepares...

Digitization has transformed – and continues to transform – the economy. Among the characteristic features of digitization are the increasing importance of (a) data as a critical input resource in production and distribution processes and of (b) digital platforms as new players in the...