because of disincentives to acquire education arising from the redistributional policies that increase income mobility. …

This paper uses newly available Chinese micro data to estimate the return to college education for late 20th century … return to education has increased substantially in China, compared to the returns measured in the 1980’s and the early 1990’s. …

to remedy. We also show that cognitive ability is not the only determinant of education, labor market outcomes and …

. Adjusting the scores for racial/ethnic differences in education at the time the test is taken reduces their role in accounting … for the wage gaps. We also consider evidence on parental and child expectations about education and on stereotype …

responses to education and find evidence for substantial heterogeneity in unobserved variables on which agents make choices. The … estimated treatment effects of education are decomposed into the direct benefits of attaining a given level of schooling and … estimated treatment effects. While the estimated causal effects of education are substantial for most outcomes, we also estimate …

born into disadvantage and bad for American society. Current social and education policies directed toward children focus …