Abstract Der ‘Big Trade Off’, den Arthur Okun schon vor über dreißig Jahren formulierte, ist zurück. Ökonomische Effizienz und soziale Gleichheit erscheinen unvereinbar. Oder anders: Moderne Gesellschaften müssen sich zwischen der Scylla hoher Einkommensungleichheit oder der Charybdis...

In the context of ongoing criticisms of the lack of pluralism in economics, the present article aims to discuss the development of 'heterodox' economics since the 1970s. Following Lakatos's concept of scientific research programs (srp), and concentrating on the situation in Germany, the article...

This article discusses the development of 'heterodox' economics at universities in Germany since the 1970s. Based on Lakatos' concept of scientific research programmes (SRP), the article introduces a classification of economics in order to clarify the understanding of variety within economics,...