Skilled labor is a key input to the innovation process. A shortage in supply of skilled labor may hence impede … innovation activities, resulting in lower productivity gains. While governments are concerned about these likely negative impacts …, there is only limited empirical evidence whether and to what extent labor shortage affects innovation activities. The paper …

deemed to be of particular importance for entrepreneurship, innovation-based firm growth and its ensuing impact on the …, who are renowned specialists in the area and with deep knowledge of the pertinent institutions in Sweden and the US. These …, considerable differences remain. These constitute the basis for the concluding policy discussion. -- Entrepreneurship ; Innovation …

countries in the 1996-2010 period. To our knowledge this is the first systematic cross-country study of billionaire …-employment. -- Entrepreneurship ; Innovation ; Institutions ; Regulation ; Self-employment …

); innovation returns are modeled as following an ex ante known probability distribution. By assuming that innovation outcomes are …

-in-differences design to causally identify the short-run impact of COVID-19 on innovation spending in 2020 and expected innovation spending … substantially reduced innovation expenditure not only in the first year of the pandemic (2020) but also in the two subsequent years …, indicating ’Long–Covid’ effects on innovation. In 2020, innovation expenditure fell by 4.7 % due to the pandemic. In 2022 …