predictions are borne out by our data and discuss their welfare implications in terms of gains from trade. …

parliamentary elections. On the economic side, the sanctions significantly hurt Russia's foreign trade - with regional …-level variation. We use trade losses caused by the sanctions as measure for regional sanction exposure. For identification, we rely on … a structural gravity model that allows us to compare observed trade flows to counterfactual flows in the absence of …

parliamentary elections. On the economic side, the sanctions significantly hurt Russia's foreign trade — with regional variance. We … use trade losses caused by the sanctions as measure for regional sanctions exposure. For identification, we rely on a … structural gravity model that allows us to compare observed trade flows to counterfactual flows in the absence of sanctions …

, which may potentially negatively affect international trade. Customs around the world have therefore implemented security …-motivated certification programs to facilitate licit trade. These programs offer trustworthy trading firms, i.e., Authorized Economic …

. We first gauge the impact of the sanctions' regime using a structural gravity framework and quantify the trade losses in … by the Russian embargo. Instead, the disruption of the provision of trade finance services is found to have played an …

sanctioned markets, while, importantly, the lifting of sanctions is not found to yield symmetric trade recovery effects …. Additionally, sanctions effects are very heterogeneous. Firms that depend more on trade finance instruments are more strongly …

Do trade integration and fiscal competition contribute to shape the economic landscape? The answer is yes. This paper … 1990-1998 to address this question. Brazil is a natural case study because this country liberalized trade during the 1990s … and their sub-national governments engaged in a fiscal dispute. Econometric results show that trade liberalization has had …

provision of intermediation services to investigate how firms' react to changing trade costs and whether and how these firms …

contributions that help unbundle sources for time costs in trade and border effects. First, we provide evidence that at least part … necessary entry processing. Third, we provide evidence that trade costs due to entry delays are heterogeneous across firm types …

trade flows. In so doing, we use a unique dataset that consists of the entire universe of El Salvador's export transactions … decreased order servicing and variable trade costs. As a consequence, firms' exports increased primarily through higher shipping … main policies covered in the 2013 WTO Agreement of Trade Facilitation. …