Requirements for the electricity network in Germany increased in recent years due to the energy transition. The … investments in power plants, more efficient power plant dispatch, increased system stability, integration of renewable energy … supply and demand. So far, the German energy policy has taken a clear stand against regional pricing and favors the status …

In January 2014, the European Commission proposed a framework for its climate and energy policy up to 2030. It includes … targets for reducing greenhouse gases and using renewable energies, but no specific targets for increasing energy efficiency … late and too weak. In regard to renewable energy use, the Commission has proposed a goal to achieve a share of 27 percent …

environmental cost savings are offset by small increases in energy system costs. When implementing an aggressive climate policy …

toward lower-carbon energy systems. In this context, natural gas price development is very important, particularly in …

The growing literature on the potential role of energy resources around the Caspian Sea is dominated by geoplitics … energy sector in the Caspian CIS-countries has not been turned into an upswing. This paper analyses four critical aspects of … the planned projects. Our result is that due to a combination of obstacles, an energy-induced economic boom in the area is …