predominantly automobile. In contrast, pure commuting subsidies hardly affect aggregate urban welfare, but distributional effects … ; commuting …

Germany like many other European countries subsidize commuting by granting the right to deduct commuting expenses from … on urban sprawl characterized by suburbanization of residences and jobs and increasing commuting distances. …

well as urban commuting and shopping patterns are considerably affected by, e.g., changes in the average household size in … a city. For instance, wage inequality between differently skilled workers rises and extreme cross commuting drops to … ; Location ; Commuting …

Germany like many other European countries subsidize commuting by granting the right to deduct commuting expenses from … urban sprawl characterized by suburbanization of residences and jobs, increasing commuting distances and spatial city growth …. -- Urban general equilibrium model ; commuting subsidies ; income tax deduction …

well as urban commuting and shopping patterns are considerably affected by, e.g., changes in the average household size in … a city. For instance, wage inequality between differently skilled workers rises and extreme cross commuting drops to …

Germany like many other European countries subsidize commuting by granting the right to deduct commuting expenses from … urban sprawl characterized by suburbanization of residences and jobs, increasing commuting distances and spatial city growth …

commuting, carbon emissions, endogenous labor supply, fuel and power taxes are considered and where we distinguish between fuel …