China's State Administration for Market Regulation in China announced two guidelines in October 2021. The drafted Guidelines for Classification and Grading of Internet Platforms (互联网平台分类分级指南) (“Classification Guidelines”) categorize digital platforms into super, large...

The administrative litigations play an essential role in the Anti-Monopoly Law in China. Empirical research suggests that despite the preliminary development antitrust administrative litigations present the “four lowness” phenomenon, namely low start-up, low total case number, low rate of...