This paper presents a rational addiction model, which integrates the addictive behavior of smokers toward cigarette consumption and the dynamic, profit-maximizing behavior of an oligopoly of cigarette producers. This model is tested on a panel data for eleven western states over the period of...

Specialized intervention programs for people with concurrent severe mental illness and substance abuse reduce the total costs of care. Compared to baseline, cost savings of over 40% were achieved by 18 months, primarily due to significant reductions in the use of acute and subacute mental health...

This study compares the costs of vocational and comprehensive secondary education and the labor market performances of graduates of these two types of high schools who did not attend college. The measurements of the labor market performances are in terms of earnings and employment. The data were...