We examine factors that influence U.S. equity trader choice between dark and lit markets. Marketable orders executed in the dark are larger in size. They also receive favorable prices and incur minimal price impact. However, dark orders take longer to execute and have lower fill rates. Traders...

We examine determinants of U.S. equity trader maker-taker decisions (e.g., execute a non-marketable limit order or marketable order). Those with a higher maker tendency are slower, larger-size traders who exhibit smaller price impact and concentrate their trading in fewer markets. When the...