Chinese outward direct investment (ODI) is unique in the sense that it starts in the early stage of economic development and does not move factories overseas. Empirical analyses using firm-level data confirm that the main purpose of Chinese ODI is to strengthen domestic production and...

Chinese outward direct investment (ODI) is unique in the sense that it starts in the early stage of economic development and does not move factories overseas. Empirical analyses using firm-level data confirm that the main purpose of Chinese ODI is to strengthen domestic production and...

From a dataset of Chinese firms in the 2005-07 period, we find that government investment boosted the performance of zombie firms and crowded out the growth of private firms; and that the higher the concentration of state banks, and of SOEs, the more conducive is the environment for nurturing...

Digital technology has rapidly transformed the PRC's economy over the past decade, especially in areas of e-commerce and digital finance. In many ways, digital technology changes the pattern of economic operation, as it enlarges business scale, increases economic efficiency, improves user...