Inspired by Pythagoras's belief that numbers represent the reality, we study the topological properties of networks of composite numbers, in which the vertices represent the numbers and two vertices are connected if and only if there exists a divisibility relation between them. The network has a...

Cellular automaton models for traffic flow problems in one dimension are considered. Starting with a microscopic relation for the updating rule describing the occupancy on each site of the road, a macroscopic time-evolution relation is obtained for the average speed of cars by carrying out...

Effects of local information transmission and imitation among agents in an evolving population consisting of agents competing for limited resources are studied numerically through a model based on the evolutionary minority game (EMG). Enhanced cooperation is found to result from an effective...

We propose and study a modified version of the evolutionary minority game consisting of a competing population. Agents in the population are repeatedly competing to be in a minority and they have a common strategy. Each agent has a parameter p characterizing the probability that she is following...