Distance has long been recognized as a major impediment in MNEs' international expansion. However, it still remains unclear: (1) If different psychic distance stimuli (PDS) constitute different sources of complexity and (2) how PDS affect MNE performance during international expansion. That is,...

To enable a better understanding of individual and, as a logical extension, organizational behavior, we set forth a theoretical framework of managerial intentionality. At its core are the concepts of desire and belief, which together form intentions. We argue that it is these intentions that may...