In this teaching note we show that using the findings of Tham and Velez-Pareja 2002, for finite cash flows, Ke and hence WACC depend on the discount rate that is used to value the tax shield, TS and as expected, Ke and WACC are not constant with Kd as the discount rate for the tax shield, even...

In this teaching note, we discuss the basic principles for tariff setting. Tariff setting is very important for regulated industries, such as water and power. The tariff should provide an appropriate risk-adjusted return to the investor. If the tariff were too low, then the investors would not...

Debt financing with subsidizes interest rate has a multidimensional impact on the firm. Value of the levered equity, value of the debt and overall firm value will be different of those values with debt financing at market rate. Subsidized interest rate on debt does not create any additional cash...

Debt financing with subsidizes interest rate has a multidimensional impact on the firm. Value of the levered equity, value of the debt and overall firm value will be different of those values with debt financing at market rate. Subsidized interest rate on debt does not create any additional cash...

The paper introduces a new financial metric for managerial performance evaluation, Value Added to Invested Capital (VAIC), with the cost of unlevered equity as a hurdle rate to calculate the capital charge rather than the widely accepted WACC. VAIC preserves all positive features of the...

Taking a slightly closer look at the EVA basics prompts that the metric by design is a synthetic mixture of returns from the operating and financing activities, and therefore, yields a biased assessment of both the operating and overall performance. Fundamentally, the scale of the measurement...

This article introduces a new financial metric for managerial performance evaluation, Value Added to Invested Capital (VAIC), with the cost of unlevered equity as a hurdle rate to calculate the capital charge rather than the widely accepted WACC. VAIC preserves all positive features of the...

In this teaching note, we discuss the basic principles for tariff setting. Tariff setting is very important for regulated industries, such as water and power. The tariff should provide an appropriate risk-adjusted return to the investor. If the tariff were too low, then the investors would not...

Debt financing with subsidizes interest rate has a multidimensional impact on the firm. Value of the levered equity, value of the debt and overall firm value will be different of those values with debt financing at market rate. Subsidized interest rate on debt does not create any additional cash...

We argue that the Economic Value Added (EVA) is biased by design and will generally yield distorted assessment of both the operating and overall performance. Fundamentally, the scale of measurement bias depends on the interest tax shield actually obtained in a measurement period and on a book to...