The Radio Sector of the ITU (ITU-R) has been involved in two aspects of personal mobile communication systems, namely defining the standards and identifying frequency bands related to these systems under the label of the International Mobile Telecommunication (IMT). This paper has investigated...

While the international radio regulations (RR) do not prevent opportunistic access, the application of these regulations largely does not encourage such a concept. This is due to the existence of different elements of restriction within these regulations including the absence of a quantified...

Fifty five years ago, Coase suggested in his seminal article "The Federal Communications Commission" that spectrum assignments should be treated in a similar way to property rights where market forces allocate these flexible tradable rights to users with the highest valuations for it. While...

Since its establishment in 1865, the ITU has been considered by many as a European organisation as it was controlled by small number of European countries. Due to the conflict of interests between the European countries and other countries, the world was divided into three regions in terms of...

One of the main concepts of the international spectrum management regime is allocating the spectrum to the different radiocommunication services. Service allocation is also one of the main elements of national spectrum policy and determines the use of the spectrum. If national service allocation...

The practice of TV white spaces (TVWS), one application of the easement approach to spectrum management, has varied around the world with limited commercial deployments and only a few trials due mainly to the delay in digital switchover and the resistance of broadcasters. Internationally the...

One of the main concepts of the international spectrum management regime is allocating the spectrum to the different radiocommunication services. Service allocation is also one of the main elements of national spectrum policy and determines the use of the spectrum. If national service allocation...