This article analyses the contribution of foreign direct investment to structural change in various groups of economies in transition: new European Union member countries (including Bulgaria and Romania), South-East Europe (excluding Bulgaria and Romania), and the Commonwealth of Independent...

This article explores the future of Russian outward foreign direct investment in the aftermath of the crisis of 2008–2009. As it is too early to analyse the full impact of the crisis, it develops hypotheses about the degree of slowdown in the foreign expansion of Russian transnational...

In March 2013, Eurozone members and the International Monetary Fund offered a €10 billion rescue loan for fellow member Cyprus – representing more than half of its gross domestic product. Bailout would come with conditions, which will weaken Cyprus' traditional role as an offshore financial...

The global number of regulatory changes less favourable to foreign direct investment increased significantly in 2004 and 2005. But before declaring an end to the era of liberalism and the advent of a new era of protectionism, or perhaps of strategic interventionism, one should add a word of...

In Central and Eastern Europe, outward foreign direct investment was not yet until recently a prominent factor in the region's reintegration into the world economy, especially when compared to trade liberalization in the early 1990s or inward foreign direct investment in the late 1990s. In the...

The role of outward FDI in transition economies is generally less well known and less understood than that of inward FDI. This so not only because the latter is larger in volume but also because the links of the former with restructuring are less well established and explained. Outward FDI,...

By its very nature, the systemic impact of privatization through foreign direct investment (FDI) has been unique because it has been part of the transition of Central and Eastern Europe from centrally planned to market economies without historical parallel. On balance, this impact has been...

Since economic transition started, a close relationship has developed between privatization and foreign direct investment. It has nevertheless been an unequal relationship: while privatization has undoubtedly dominated foreign-directinvestment inflows, in most Central and Eastern European...

This article reviews the main characteristics of both inward and outward foreign direct investment (FDI) in the Baltic Sea region. Among other questions, it explores the extent to which intra-regional flows have gained in importance over recent years. It highlights that both inflows and outflows...

Bulgaria's and Romania's transition from central planning to market economy has been long and difficult. The lateness of their transformation made their entry into the European Union possible only three years later (in 2007) than the other transition economy candidates for membership. The...