This paper examines how the coordination of venture capital (VC) investors in their syndicates, as measured by their geographic concentration, affects firm performance and ex ante contractual terms. Using the introduction of new airline routes between the locations of VC investors as a shock to...

We examine a firm’s motivation to engage in cross-border mergers and acquisitions (CBMAs) and the source of value gains in such transactions. We find that the difference in industry growth opportunities between the target and acquirer countries (Relative industry growth (RIG)) is a key driving...

We investigate patterns of earnings management by the acquiring firm in a merger, considering both the form of payment and the target firm's listing status. We find that the acquiring firm is more likely to report income-increasing abnormal accruals when it uses stock to acquire a privately held...

We examine the impact of geographic concentration of institutional investors on corporate governance and firm value. We find that firms whose large institutions are closely located to each other experience higher forced CEO turnover-performance sensitivity, more frequent proxy voting against...

From 1990 to 1993, the typical firm on the Tokyo Stock Exchange lost more than half its value and banks experienced severe adverse shocks. We show that firms whose debt had a higher fraction of bank loans in 1989 performed worse from 1990 to 1993. This effect is statistically as well as...

We examine how shareholder financial difficulties affect firms’ risk-shifting behavior. Using the 2003 mutual fund scandal as a financial shock to institutions’ risk-shifting incentives, we find that lenders charge higher loan spreads after the scandal. The results are more evident when the...

This paper examines the disciplinary role of corporate pension deficits in the market for corporate control. We find that companies with larger pension deficits are less likely to engage in diversifying mergers, experience higher merger announcement returns, pay lower premiums to targets, and...

Using a large sample of earnings announcements made by firms belonging to Korean chaebols, we examine propping (i.e., negative tunneling) within a chaebol. Consistent with the market's ex-ante valuation of intra-group propping, we find that the announcement of increased (decreased) earnings over...