expose different areas of the polity to controlled informational treatments about the valence and ideology of the incumbent … ideology. We find that both valence and ideological messages affect the first and second moments of the belief distribution …, but only campaigning on valence brings more votes to the incumbent. With respect to ideology, cross-learning occurs, as …

expose different areas of the polity to controlled informational treatments about the valence and ideology of the incumbent … ideology. We find that both valence and ideological messages affect the first and second moments of the belief distribution …, but only campaigning on valence brings more votes to the incumbent. With respect to ideology, cross-learning occurs, as …

expose different areas of the polity to controlled informational treatments about the valence and ideology of the incumbent … elicited beliefs, we are able to structurally assess the relative weights voters place upon a candidate's valence and ideology … only campaigning on valence brings more votes to the incumbent. With respect to ideology, cross-learning occurs, as voters …

expose different areas of the polity to controlled informational treatments about the valence and ideology of the incumbent … ideology. We find that both valence and ideological messages affect the first and second moments of the belief distribution …, but only campaigning on valence brings more votes to the incumbent. With respect to ideology, cross-learning occurs, as …