Sullivan (1984) suggests that the alternative audit approaches adopted by accounting firms be expressed in terms of 'structure' and 'judgement', with a division provided by the degree to which auditor judgement is replaced by structured quantitative algorithms. Cushing and Loebbecke (1986)...

In late 1997 much of the Asian region experienced a major economic downturn. Such 'hostile' economic conditions can give rise to external pressure on corporate managers. Managers may react to this pressure by changing accounting policy choice. In the context of high external pressure what might...