This paper points out a simple but important “money” issue in New Keynesian models. Once central bank-controlled bonds are included as part of the household budget constraint, New Keynesian models can no longer be considered in money-less framework, if we think of economic logic of the...

The very fact that utility maximization in real business cycle and New Keynesian models is intertemporal suggests the possibility of a Fisherian intertemporal futures market, which is not state-contingent. Ex-ante speaking, the addition of a futures market does not result in any difference, but...

This paper presents a re-interpretation of a New Keynesian model with capital, where zero long-run output gap restriction is eliminated and a certain type of assumption regarding risk-less nominal interest rate is adopted

This paper reconsiders logics somewhat implicit in many international trade models, particularly centered around Law of One Price. International trade is identical to domestic trade with two markets combined as one only when no frictions, such as labor immobility, or some states close, exist. In...

This paper develops the Extended Ricardian Equivalence Theorem for helicopter money. It is shown that helicopter money, or money printing, to finance fiscal spending is inconsistent with existence of an equilibrium under ordinary assumptions used to derive the Ricardian Equivalence theorem. By...

Unlike many theoretical analysis of tax effects on household debts in a monetary union, this paper builds up analysis from a household budget constraint, instead of starting from a model. By a monetary union, it is assumed that all nations in the union share same currency. The size of tax...

This paper explores how accounting consistency affects DSGE models. As many DSGE models descended from real business cycle models, I explore a simple labor-only RBC model and then a simple capital-and-labor RBC model with an exogenous external sector introduced. The conclusion reached in this...

In this paper, several flaws of the basic no-capital/labor-only New Keynesian model are discussed. Some flaws were left undiscovered because mass of varieties n in Dixit-Stiglitz aggregator is often considered as not affecting overall outcomes. Only when n=1 would ordinary results of the basic...