For the success of sustainable tourism, it is important to know residents’ perceptions and attitudes toward tourism under its influences. Relevant research enjoys an enduring popularity in sustainable tourism research. It has long been recognized that tourism has complex impacts in economic,...

Based on Amartya Sen's groundbreaking work on capabilities and functionings, static poverty measures have long used non-income indicators. In contrast, measures of poverty dynamics, including chronic poverty, have in general conceptualized poverty only in an income dimension. Hence, this paper...

The wave of upbeat stories on the developing world's emerging middle class has reinvigorated a debate on how social class in general and the middle class in particular ought to be defined and empirically measured. With the aim of adding clarity to this debate, this dissertation provides a...